EAST ASIAN EMPIRES
CHINA
ü
CHOU
DYNASTY (1122-250 BCE)
-established
by Emperor Wu Wang
-longest
reigned dynasty, lasted for almost 900 years
-introduced
the philosophical concept of Legalism, Taoism, and Confucianism
ü CH’IN
DYNASTY (221-206 BCE)
-shortest
reigned dynasty
-ruled
by Shih Huang-ti or Shih Huangdi
-established
an authoritarian government
-by
this time, Great Wall and Terracotta Army complex started to built which but heavy
burden to the people
ü HAN
DYNASTY (202 BCE- 220 CE)
-established
by Liu Pang
-used
Confucianism as the philosophical basis of the empire
-Civil
Service Examination was conducted based on the teachings and philosophy of
Confucius
-Buddhism
was introduced during this period
-Silk
Trade started to flourished,
Silk Road- an ancient trade route
linking China with Europe
-education
was given great importance
-other
contributions:
•Glazed
pottery, Wheelbarrow, Seismograph
•Compass,
Hot Air Balloon
•Embroidery
for decorating garments
ü ERA
OF DISUNITY (220-518 CE)
Contributions:
-Calligraphy as a system of
writing
- Tea, Kite, Matches, Umbrella
-Odometer, Stirrups,
-Paddle
Wheel Ship
-Helicopter rotor and
propeller
-Growth
of Buddhism and Taoism
ü SUI
DYNASTY (518-618 CE)
-established
by Emperor Wen
-Porcelain,
Coinage system or the use of coins was introduced
-building
of Grand Canal that connects the Huang He River and Yangtze River
ü TANG
DYNASTY (618-907 CE)
-established
by Li Yuan
- Tea,
Brandy and whiskey
-Po
Chu-i (known poet)
-
Block Printing
-
Printing (movable type)
-Scroll
painting
-Gunpowder
for fireworks and weapons
-Civil
Service Exams (oral and written)
ü FIVE
DYNASTIES PERIOD (907-960 CE)
-Tea
Trade
-Translucent
Porcelain
-Paper
Money and Certificates of deposit
ü SUNG
DYNASTY (960-1279 CE)
-established
by General Chao K’uangyin
-perfected
baking of clay and mineral to produce porcelain, presently chinaware
-Three
Doctrines (Buddhism, Confuscianism, Taoism)
-Magnetic
compass
-Rocket
and multi-stage rockets
-Guns
and Cannons
-Landscape
painting
-Winemaking
-Chinese
Opera
ü
YUAN DYNASTY (1271-1368 CE)
-established
by a Mongol, Kublai Khan, the grandson of Genghis Khan
-first
Mongol dynasty
-China
developed ties with the different regions in Asia and Europe
-during
this time, foreign traders arrived in China, including Marco Polo
-catholic
missionaries also came to China
-Blue
and white porcelain
-Chinese
Theater, Opera, and Music
Decimal
Numbers
ü
MING DYNASTY (1368-1644 CE)
-established by Chu
Yuan-ching
-restore the Chinese culture
and the teachings of Confucius
-a period of architectural
development
-Beijing flourished as new
capital
-ruled over Korea, Mongolia, Turkestan,
Vietnam, and Myanmar
ü
CHIING DYNASTY (1368-1644 CE)
-last dynasty in China
-established by Tai-tsung, a
Manchu
China once again under
non-Chinese rule
-culture flourished, but
conservatism eventually led to the dynasty's overthrow by nationalistic
revolutionaries led by Sun Yat Sen
JAPAN
Early Japan
was controlled by different clans called uji.
CLAN- group of people who claim to be the
descendants of the same ancestors.
YAMATO CLAN- the first known emperors
were the chiefs of this clan who manage to unite other clans. They believed to
be the descendants of the sun goddess AMATERASU.
TAIKA REFORM (GREAT REFORM)
- this gave
the emperor complete power and a more centralized imperial power patterned
after China and Confucianism philosophies.
Japan
adapted many aspects of Chinese civilization such as the way of dressing and
their writing.
Buddhism
entered Japan through the Koreans who migrated to Japan.
PRINCE SHOKOTO- a regent who converted to Buddhism
and promoted it. He was also responsible for sending Japanese scholars to China
to learn the Chinese ways.
NARA PERIOD (710-794
CE)-
HEIAN PERIOD (794- 1185)- said to be Japan’s golden
age.
KANA- writing system of the Japanese derived from
simplified versions of Chinese characters and allowed Japanese readers and
writers to communicate much more easily.
THE TALE OF GENJI- is considered to be the
world’s first true novel written by MURASAKI SHIKIBU.
SAMURAIS- the loyal warriors or bodyguards of the lords.
Samurai
means “one who serves”. They followed the harsh code called Bushido.
BUSHIDO – means “the way of the warrior”. It states
that a samurai should always exhibit great courage in battle and loyalty to his
lord. He should also put great value in dying an honourable death.
SHOGUN- the supreme general of the emperor
SHOGUNATE- the rule of a shogun
ü Kamakura shogunate
(1192–1333)
ü Ashikaga shogunate
(1336–1573)
ü Tokugawa Shogunate
(1603–1868)
DAIMYO- (Japanese, “great holders of private land”),
feudal lords who dominated Japan from the 12th to the 19th century.
NOTE:
Answer the STUDY THIS letter A. LOOK IT UP and B. CHALLENGE YOURSELF on page
117 of your textbook. Write your answers on your notebook.
Walang komento:
Mag-post ng isang Komento